AA Filter - Most digital SLR cameras employ a Low Pass Filter (LPF) or Anti-Aliasing (AA) filter in front of the imager to help eliminate color aliasing (moire) problems.
Adapter- Used to insert a smaller storage device into a larger slot in a computer or other device.
A/D Converter - A device that converts analog information (a photograph or video frame) into a series of numbers that a computer can store and manipulate. All digicams use an A/D converter, the higher the bit rate the better the output. Modern hi-res digicams employ a 12-bit or 14-bit A/D to increase the dynamic range (range of light from highlight to shadow).
Add-On Lens - Some lenses have filter threads on the front edge that allow you to mount an auxiliary wide angle or telephoto lens in addition to the standard lens.
AE - Auto Exposure, a system for automatically setting the proper exposure according to the existing light conditions. There are three types of AE systems:
Programmed where the camera picks the best shutter speed and aperture automatically
Aperture Priority, the user chooses an aperture value and the shutter speed is automatically determined by lighting conditions
Shutter Priority, the user chooses a shutter speed and the aperture is automatically determined by lighting conditions
AE Lock - The ability to hold the current exposure settings and allow you to point the camera elsewhere before capturing the image. This is usually accomplished by half-pressing the shutter button and keeping it at that position until you're ready to capture the image. AF-Auto Focus. A system that automatically focuses the camera lens. Aliasing - An effect caused by sampling an image (or signal) at too low a rate. It makes rapid change (high texture) areas of an image appear as a slow change in the sample image.
Algorithm - A mathematical routine that solves a problem or equation. In imaging, the term is usually used to describe the set of routines that make up a compression or color management program to accurately reproduce the original image from the sampled image.
Anti-aliasing - The process of reducing stair-stepping by smoothing edges where individual pixels are visible.
Archive - A collection of data in long-term storage. Artifact(ing) - Misinterpreted information from a JPEG or compressed image. Color faults or line faults that visibly impact the image negatively. Aspect Ratio - The ratio of horizontal to vertical dimensions of an image. The most common aspect ratio in digicams is 4:3 so that images "fit" properly on computer screens (800x600, 1024x768, 1280x1024). Some cameras offer a 3:2 mode so that you can print "perfect" 4x6" prints with no cropping necessary.(The Aspect Ratio of 35mm film is 3:2, TV sets are 4:3, HDTV screens are 16:9) Aspherical Lens - A lens whose edges have been flattened so that it is not a perfect sphere, produces a superior image. AVI - Movie clip in Windows' AVI format.
AWB - Automatic White Balance. A system for automatically setting the white balance in today's digital cameras. ".
ATA. -A standard for storage devices that lets them be treated as if they were hard drives on the system. Any ATA compatible media can be read by any ATA device.
Attachment- A file such as a photograph sent along with an e-mail message so it can be viewed or saved at the recipient’s end.
Banding - An artifact of color gradation in computer imaging, when graduated colors break into larger blocks of a single color, reducing the "smooth" look of a proper gradation. Bayer pattern- Patterns of red, greens, and blue filters on the image sensor’s photosites. There are twice as many green filters as the other colors because the human eye is more sensitive to green and therefore green color accuracy is more important.
Bit - The smallest unit of memory; a contraction from 'binary' and 'digit'. Binary digits are 0 and 1, also known as ons and offs. Bit Depth - This refers to the color or gray scale of an individual pixel. A pixel with 8 bits per color gives a 24 bit image. (8 Bits X 3 colors is 24 bits.) 24 bit color resolution is 16.7 million colors.
Bit-mapped. -Images formed from pixels with each pixel a shade of gray or color. Using 24-bit color, each pixel can be set to any one of 16 million colors.
Bleed - Printing term referring to an image or linked area that extends to the edge of the printed piece. Blooming - A visual effect caused by overexposing a CCD to too much light, This "digital overexposure" can cause distortions of the subject and/or color.
Adapter- Used to insert a smaller storage device into a larger slot in a computer or other device.
A/D Converter - A device that converts analog information (a photograph or video frame) into a series of numbers that a computer can store and manipulate. All digicams use an A/D converter, the higher the bit rate the better the output. Modern hi-res digicams employ a 12-bit or 14-bit A/D to increase the dynamic range (range of light from highlight to shadow).
Add-On Lens - Some lenses have filter threads on the front edge that allow you to mount an auxiliary wide angle or telephoto lens in addition to the standard lens.
AE - Auto Exposure, a system for automatically setting the proper exposure according to the existing light conditions. There are three types of AE systems:
Programmed where the camera picks the best shutter speed and aperture automatically
Aperture Priority, the user chooses an aperture value and the shutter speed is automatically determined by lighting conditions
Shutter Priority, the user chooses a shutter speed and the aperture is automatically determined by lighting conditions
AE Lock - The ability to hold the current exposure settings and allow you to point the camera elsewhere before capturing the image. This is usually accomplished by half-pressing the shutter button and keeping it at that position until you're ready to capture the image. AF-Auto Focus. A system that automatically focuses the camera lens. Aliasing - An effect caused by sampling an image (or signal) at too low a rate. It makes rapid change (high texture) areas of an image appear as a slow change in the sample image.
Algorithm - A mathematical routine that solves a problem or equation. In imaging, the term is usually used to describe the set of routines that make up a compression or color management program to accurately reproduce the original image from the sampled image.
Anti-aliasing - The process of reducing stair-stepping by smoothing edges where individual pixels are visible.
Archive - A collection of data in long-term storage. Artifact(ing) - Misinterpreted information from a JPEG or compressed image. Color faults or line faults that visibly impact the image negatively. Aspect Ratio - The ratio of horizontal to vertical dimensions of an image. The most common aspect ratio in digicams is 4:3 so that images "fit" properly on computer screens (800x600, 1024x768, 1280x1024). Some cameras offer a 3:2 mode so that you can print "perfect" 4x6" prints with no cropping necessary.(The Aspect Ratio of 35mm film is 3:2, TV sets are 4:3, HDTV screens are 16:9) Aspherical Lens - A lens whose edges have been flattened so that it is not a perfect sphere, produces a superior image. AVI - Movie clip in Windows' AVI format.
AWB - Automatic White Balance. A system for automatically setting the white balance in today's digital cameras. ".
ATA. -A standard for storage devices that lets them be treated as if they were hard drives on the system. Any ATA compatible media can be read by any ATA device.
Attachment- A file such as a photograph sent along with an e-mail message so it can be viewed or saved at the recipient’s end.
Banding - An artifact of color gradation in computer imaging, when graduated colors break into larger blocks of a single color, reducing the "smooth" look of a proper gradation. Bayer pattern- Patterns of red, greens, and blue filters on the image sensor’s photosites. There are twice as many green filters as the other colors because the human eye is more sensitive to green and therefore green color accuracy is more important.
Bit - The smallest unit of memory; a contraction from 'binary' and 'digit'. Binary digits are 0 and 1, also known as ons and offs. Bit Depth - This refers to the color or gray scale of an individual pixel. A pixel with 8 bits per color gives a 24 bit image. (8 Bits X 3 colors is 24 bits.) 24 bit color resolution is 16.7 million colors.
Bit-mapped. -Images formed from pixels with each pixel a shade of gray or color. Using 24-bit color, each pixel can be set to any one of 16 million colors.
Bleed - Printing term referring to an image or linked area that extends to the edge of the printed piece. Blooming - A visual effect caused by overexposing a CCD to too much light, This "digital overexposure" can cause distortions of the subject and/or color.
Blue Tooth - The new wireless standard for connecting cameras, PDAs, laptops, computers and cell phones. Uses very high frequency radio waves. Blue Tooth devices when in-range (less than 30 feet) of each other easily establish a connection. BMP - BitMapped graphic file format popular with Windows computers. This is an uncompressed file format like TIFF. Borderless - Means a photo print with no border around it. Old term for this was full-bleed printing. Brightness - The value of a pixel in an electronic image, representing its lightness value from black to white. Usually defined as brightness levels ranging in value from 0 (black) to 255 (white). Buffer - A temporary storage area usually held in RAM. The purpose of a buffer is to act as a temporary holding area for data that will allow the CPU to manipulate data before transferring it to a device.
Burst Mode - The ability to rapidly capture images as long as the shutter button is held down. Also called continuous frame capture. Byte – It is an ensemble of eight bits of memory in a computer.
Card- The sealed package containing storage chips or other devices with electrical connectors that make contact when inserted into a card slot on a camera, printer, computer, or other device.
Calibration - The act of adjusting the color of one device relative to another, such as a monitor to a printer, or a scanner to a film recorder. Or, it may be the process of adjusting the color of one device to some established standard. Card Reader - A device that you insert flash memory cards into to transfer the data to the computer. Much faster than the serial port! See also "PCMCIA" and "PC Card".
CCD Raw format. The uninterpolated data collected directly from the image sensor before processing. It may be called as digital negative.
Charge-coupled device (CCD). An image sensor that reads the charges built up on the sensor’s photosites a row at a time.
CD - CompactDisc - read only storage media capable of holding 650MB of digital data.
CDR - CompactDisc Recordable - a CD that you can write to once that can not be erased but can be read many times, holds 650~700MB of digital data.
Burst Mode - The ability to rapidly capture images as long as the shutter button is held down. Also called continuous frame capture. Byte – It is an ensemble of eight bits of memory in a computer.
Card- The sealed package containing storage chips or other devices with electrical connectors that make contact when inserted into a card slot on a camera, printer, computer, or other device.
Calibration - The act of adjusting the color of one device relative to another, such as a monitor to a printer, or a scanner to a film recorder. Or, it may be the process of adjusting the color of one device to some established standard. Card Reader - A device that you insert flash memory cards into to transfer the data to the computer. Much faster than the serial port! See also "PCMCIA" and "PC Card".
CCD Raw format. The uninterpolated data collected directly from the image sensor before processing. It may be called as digital negative.
Charge-coupled device (CCD). An image sensor that reads the charges built up on the sensor’s photosites a row at a time.
CD - CompactDisc - read only storage media capable of holding 650MB of digital data.
CDR - CompactDisc Recordable - a CD that you can write to once that can not be erased but can be read many times, holds 650~700MB of digital data.
CDRW - CompactDisc ReWriteable - the newest kind of CD-R that can be erased and re-used many times, holds about 450MB of data.
Center-Weighted - A term used to describe an auto exposure system that uses the center portion of the image to adjust the overall exposure value. See also "Spot Metering" and "Matrix metering" CF - see CompactFlash and check here: Flash Memory Cards/Readers Channel - One piece of information stored with an image. True color images, for instance, have three channels-red, green and blue. Chroma - The color of an image element (pixel). Chroma is made up of saturation + hue values, but separate from the luminance value. Chromatic Aberration - Also known as the "purple fringe effect." It is common in two Megapixel and higher resolution digital cameras (especially those with long telephoto zoom lenses) when a dark area is surrounded by a highlight. Along the edge between dark and light you will see a line or two of purple or violet colored pixels that shouldn't be there. CIFF - Camera Image File Format, an agreed method of digicam image storage used by many camera makers. CMOS - Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor - Another imaging system used by digicams. It is not as popular as CCD but the future promises us even better digicams based on CMOS sensors due to the lower amount of power consumption versus the typical CCD device. CMS - Color Management System. A software program (or a software and hardware combination) designed to ensure color matching and calibration between video or computer monitors and any form of hard copy output. CMYK - Cyan, Magenta, Yellow, blacK; These are the printer colors used to create color prints. Most color printers, Ink-Jet, Laser, Dye-Sublimation and Thermal printers use these as their printer colors. (This is one of the color management problems for computers. Converting RGB files to CMYK files cause's color shifts.) When used by a printer the CMYK is also known as a reflective color since it is printed on paper, or reflective films. Codec - Compresses information so that it can be sent across a network faster, and decompresses information received via the network. Color Balance - The accuracy with which the colors captured in the image match the original scene. Color Cast - An unwanted tint of one color in an image caused by a disproportionate amount of cyan, magenta, and yellow. This can occur due to input or output device. Color Copier - Color printing device using electrostatic and CMYK Pigments. Color Correction - The process of correcting or enhancing the color of an image. Color Depth - Digital images can approximate color realism, but how they do so is referred to as color depth, pixel-depth, or bit depth. Modern computer displays use 24-bit True Color. It's called this because it displays 16 million colors, about the same number as the human eye can discern. Color Space - Digital cameras use known color profiles to generate their images. The most common is sRGB or AdobeRGB and this information along with the camera and exposure data is stored in Exif header of the JPEG file. This color space information ensures that graphic programs and printers have a reference to the color profile the camera used at the time of exposure. CompactFlash - The most common type of digicam flash memory storage. It is removable, small and available in sizes from 4MB up to 1GB.
CF Type I the original 3.3mm high cardCF Type II cards and devices that are 5mm high.
Compression, lossless-. A file compression scheme that makes a file smaller without degrading the image.
Compression, lossy.- A file compression scheme that reduces the size of a file but degrades it in the process so it can’t be restored to its original quality.
Compression. The process of reducing the size of a file.
COM port - Your computer has serial communication ports, which support the RS-232 standard of communication. This is the most common interface used to transfer data from a digicam to the computer.
Continuous Autofocus - (Continuous-AF) The autofocus system is full-time and works even before the shutter release is pressed. Continuous Tone - An image where brightness appears consistent and uninterrupted. Each pixel in a continuous tone image file uses at least one byte each for its red, green, and blue values. This permits 256 density levels per color or more than 16 million mixture colors. Contrast - A measure of rate of change of brightness in an image. CR-V3 - This is a 3V lithium battery used in many Olympus brand (and other) digicams. It lasts much longer than alkaline but it is also more costly. CRW / CR2 - The raw CCD file format used by Canon digicams. Abbreviated from CanonRAW. Canon also has newer CR2 raw format as well.
Center-Weighted - A term used to describe an auto exposure system that uses the center portion of the image to adjust the overall exposure value. See also "Spot Metering" and "Matrix metering" CF - see CompactFlash and check here: Flash Memory Cards/Readers Channel - One piece of information stored with an image. True color images, for instance, have three channels-red, green and blue. Chroma - The color of an image element (pixel). Chroma is made up of saturation + hue values, but separate from the luminance value. Chromatic Aberration - Also known as the "purple fringe effect." It is common in two Megapixel and higher resolution digital cameras (especially those with long telephoto zoom lenses) when a dark area is surrounded by a highlight. Along the edge between dark and light you will see a line or two of purple or violet colored pixels that shouldn't be there. CIFF - Camera Image File Format, an agreed method of digicam image storage used by many camera makers. CMOS - Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor - Another imaging system used by digicams. It is not as popular as CCD but the future promises us even better digicams based on CMOS sensors due to the lower amount of power consumption versus the typical CCD device. CMS - Color Management System. A software program (or a software and hardware combination) designed to ensure color matching and calibration between video or computer monitors and any form of hard copy output. CMYK - Cyan, Magenta, Yellow, blacK; These are the printer colors used to create color prints. Most color printers, Ink-Jet, Laser, Dye-Sublimation and Thermal printers use these as their printer colors. (This is one of the color management problems for computers. Converting RGB files to CMYK files cause's color shifts.) When used by a printer the CMYK is also known as a reflective color since it is printed on paper, or reflective films. Codec - Compresses information so that it can be sent across a network faster, and decompresses information received via the network. Color Balance - The accuracy with which the colors captured in the image match the original scene. Color Cast - An unwanted tint of one color in an image caused by a disproportionate amount of cyan, magenta, and yellow. This can occur due to input or output device. Color Copier - Color printing device using electrostatic and CMYK Pigments. Color Correction - The process of correcting or enhancing the color of an image. Color Depth - Digital images can approximate color realism, but how they do so is referred to as color depth, pixel-depth, or bit depth. Modern computer displays use 24-bit True Color. It's called this because it displays 16 million colors, about the same number as the human eye can discern. Color Space - Digital cameras use known color profiles to generate their images. The most common is sRGB or AdobeRGB and this information along with the camera and exposure data is stored in Exif header of the JPEG file. This color space information ensures that graphic programs and printers have a reference to the color profile the camera used at the time of exposure. CompactFlash - The most common type of digicam flash memory storage. It is removable, small and available in sizes from 4MB up to 1GB.
CF Type I the original 3.3mm high cardCF Type II cards and devices that are 5mm high.
Compression, lossless-. A file compression scheme that makes a file smaller without degrading the image.
Compression, lossy.- A file compression scheme that reduces the size of a file but degrades it in the process so it can’t be restored to its original quality.
Compression. The process of reducing the size of a file.
COM port - Your computer has serial communication ports, which support the RS-232 standard of communication. This is the most common interface used to transfer data from a digicam to the computer.
Continuous Autofocus - (Continuous-AF) The autofocus system is full-time and works even before the shutter release is pressed. Continuous Tone - An image where brightness appears consistent and uninterrupted. Each pixel in a continuous tone image file uses at least one byte each for its red, green, and blue values. This permits 256 density levels per color or more than 16 million mixture colors. Contrast - A measure of rate of change of brightness in an image. CR-V3 - This is a 3V lithium battery used in many Olympus brand (and other) digicams. It lasts much longer than alkaline but it is also more costly. CRW / CR2 - The raw CCD file format used by Canon digicams. Abbreviated from CanonRAW. Canon also has newer CR2 raw format as well.
No comments:
Post a Comment